Leucistic Junco

Day 311: Leucism is the result of mutations in the genes producing melanocytes. In birds, it manifests as washed-out colouration, blotchy patches and/or white feathers. Unlike albinism, a leucistic bird's eyes keep their normal colour. The predisposition can be and often is passed on genetically to subsequent generations, so I am left wondering if this youngster is kin to Snowflake, a visitor at my feeders in the winter of 2010 (Snowflake in the Filbert). In the years since, I have almost always had one leucistic Dark-eyed Junco (Junco hyemalis) in my flock. Some had white tails, some white wing feathers. Some, like Snowflake, had white on their faces or heads. One was a "watercolour" version, as if someone had bleached every feather. At first, I thought this was a juvenile in moult, but the overall lightness and abnormally pale beak convinced me otherwise. Strikingly obvious when he flies, the central two feathers of his tail are dark.

White-tailed Robin

Day 353: For the first time ever, I have observed a White-tailed Robin (Turdus albobuttus) in my yard. Of course, I'm pulling your leg a little here. I suspect that this American Robin is showing evidence of age or injury, as opposed to true leucism which arises due to defects in pigment cells, although that's also a possibility. That said, I have noticed more birds across several species this year which exhibit this trait, and generally in tailfeathers or on the top of the head. One notable exception to that was a crow I observed in early spring with a wide white patch on one wing. The other crows regarded it as a social pariah and drove it away. This Robin has a few white flecks on its crown.

Robin Whitebutt showed up with dozens of his relatives and a flock of Cedar Waxwings who set to work stripping my two Mountain-ash trees of berries. The Waxwings showed a marked preference for the native tree and left as soon as they'd polished it off, leaving the nursery cultivar for the less discriminating robins. The robins returned to finish the job the following day, and it was fun to watch them fluttering like hummingbirds while trying to get a fruit loose from the cluster. By the time evening came, even the berries which had dropped to the ground had been gobbled up, and less than a dozen still hung on the tree, apparently too firmly attached for the birds to pull off. Ordinarily, this is a process which occurs over 4-7 days, with Waxwings present most of the time. In this case, the harvest was done and dusted in less than 36 hours, and Whitebutt left with a full tummy.