Hardhack, Spiraea Douglasii

Day 283: Hardhack (Spiraea douglasii) is native to the Pacific Northwest and occurs from Alaska south into northern California and across western Canada. In other locations, it is sometimes considered invasive due to its ability to spread and choke out other vegetation. It is often found in open wetlands where it receives full sun. It does not tolerate shade. It may attain heights up to seven feet in optimum conditions. It may also be called Rose Spirea or Steeplebush. In the Pacific Northwest, it is often used in wetland restoration projects because its root system assists in stabilizing soil. It may hybridize with S. menziesii and/or S. betulifolia where those species occur. Hummingbirds and butterflies are drawn to the flowers as a source of nectar. Although the stems are quite woody, the foliage is browsed by deer.